The function first discards as many whitespace characters as necessary until the first non-whitespace character is found. Then, starting from this character, takes an optional initial plus or minus sign followed by as many numerical digits as possible, and interprets them as a numerical value.

Merge two sorted linked lists and return it as a new list. The new list should be made by splicing together the nodes of the first two lists.

Given an array of integers, return indices of the two numbers such that they add up to a specific target. You may assume that each input would have exactly one solution, and you may not use the same element twice.

Given a string str, check if the letters can be rearranged so that two characters that are adjacent to each other are not the same. If possible, output any possible result. If not possible, return the empty string.

A heap is a tree-based data structure which satisfies the heap property, if the parent node is greater than the child node is called max-heap or if the parent node is less than the child node is called min-heap.